Thalamic T-type Ca2+ channels and NREM sleep

Crunelli, Vincenzo ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7154-9752, Cope, David William and Hughes, Stuart Wynn 2006. Thalamic T-type Ca2+ channels and NREM sleep. Cell Calcium 40 (2) , pp. 175-190. 10.1016/j.ceca.2006.04.022

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Abstract

T-type Ca2+ channels play a number of different and pivotal roles in almost every type of neuronal oscillation expressed by thalamic neurones during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, including those underlying sleep theta waves, the K-complex and the slow (<1 Hz) sleep rhythm, sleep spindles and delta waves. In particular, the transient opening of T channels not only gives rise to the ‘classical’ low threshold Ca2+ potentials, and associated high frequency burst of action potentials, that are characteristically present during sleep spindles and delta waves, but also contributes to the high threshold bursts that underlie the thalamic generation of sleep theta rhythms. The persistent opening of a small fraction of T channels, i.e. ITwindow, is responsible for the large amplitude and long lasting depolarization, or UP state, of the slow (<1 Hz) sleep oscillation in thalamic neurones. These cellular findings are in part matched by the wake-sleep phenotype of global and thalamic-selective CaV3.1 knockout mice that show a decreased amount of total NREM sleep time. T-type Ca2+ channels, therefore, constitute the single most crucial voltage-dependent conductance that permeates all activities of thalamic neurones during NREM sleep. Since ITwindow and high threshold bursts are not restricted to thalamic neurones, the cellular neurophysiology of T channels should now move away from the simplistic, though historically significant, view of these channels as being responsible only for low threshold Ca2+ potentials.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Biosciences Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute (NMHRI)
Subjects:	Q Science > QP Physiology
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Cortex; Thalamus; Slow sleep oscillations; Sleep spindles; Delta waves; Alpha rhythm; Theta rhythm;
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	0143-4160
Last Modified:	27 Oct 2022 08:27
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/62339

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