Orientation specificity of contrast adaptation in visual cortical pinwheel centres and iso-orientation domains

Sengpiel, Frank ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7060-1851 and Bonhoeffer, Tobias 2002. Orientation specificity of contrast adaptation in visual cortical pinwheel centres and iso-orientation domains. European Journal of Neuroscience 15 (5) , pp. 876-886. 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2002.01912.x

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Abstract

Exposure to a high-contrast visual stimulus causes adaptation, a psychophysical phenomenon that is quite selective for stimulus orientation. Its mechanism is largely cortical but the underlying circuitry is still not unambiguously resolved. It has been suggested that adaptation could be the result of integration of inputs from cells within a large local pool, effectively scaling their outputs with respect to local contrast. In this case, orientation selectivity of neuronal adaptation should depend on the location of neurons within the cortical map of orientation preference. We tested this hypothesis by quantifying adaptation to optimally oriented and to orthogonal-to-optimum gratings among neurons recorded either from iso-orientation domains or orientation pinwheel centres, as identified by optical imaging of cat visual cortex. We did not find a significant difference in adaptation characteristics for these two populations of cells, implying that these characteristics do not depend on the local functional architecture. Surprisingly, however, we additionally observed that under isoflurane (but not halothane) anaesthesia, most neurons exhibited adaptation by cross-oriented gratings, regardless of their location within the orientation map. It seems likely that, under isoflurane, inputs became visible that were masked by the commonly used, deeper halothane anaesthesia. For individual cells, the presence of these inputs was independent of their location within the cortical orientation map.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Biosciences Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute (NMHRI)
Subjects:	Q Science > Q Science (General) Q Science > QP Physiology
Uncontrolled Keywords:	cat; functional architecture; optical imaging; orientation selectivity; pattern adaptation
Publisher:	Wiley
ISSN:	0953-816X
Last Modified:	27 Oct 2022 08:28
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/62409

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