Intraluminal calcium as a primary regulator of endoplasmic reticulum function

Burdakov, Denis, Petersen, Ole Holger ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6998-0380 and Verkhratsky, Alexei 2005. Intraluminal calcium as a primary regulator of endoplasmic reticulum function. Cell Calcium 38 (3-4) , pp. 303-310. 10.1016/j.ceca.2005.06.010

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Abstract

The concentration of Ca2+ inside the lumen of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) regulates a vast array of spatiotemporally distinct cellular processes, from intracellular Ca2+ signals to intra-ER protein processing and cell death. This review summarises recent data on the mechanisms of luminal Ca2+-dependent regulation of Ca2+ release and uptake as well as ER regulation of cellular adaptive processes. In addition we discuss general biophysical properties of the ER membrane, as trans-endomembrane Ca2+ fluxes are subject to basic electrical forces, determined by factors such as the membrane potential of the ER and the ease with which Ca2+ fluxes are able to change this potential (i.e. the resistance of the ER membrane). Although these electrical forces undoubtedly play a fundamental role in shaping [Ca2+]ER dynamics, at present there is very little direct experimental information about the biophysical properties of the ER membrane. Further studies of how intraluminal [Ca2+] is regulated, best carried out with direct measurements, are vital for understanding how Ca2+ orchestrates cell function. Direct monitoring of [Ca2+]ER under conditions where the cytosolic [Ca2+] is known may also help to capture elusive biophysical information about the ER, such as the potential difference across the ER membrane.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Biosciences Systems Immunity Research Institute (SIURI)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Endoplasmic reticulum; Calcium; Signalling; SERCA; Neurodegeneration
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	0143-4160
Last Modified:	27 Oct 2022 08:41
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/63128

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