Advanced chronic heart failure: A position statement from the Study Group on Advanced Heart Failure of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology [review]

Metra, M., Ponikowski, P., Dickstein, K., McMurray, J. J., Gavazzi, A., Bergh, C. H., Fraser, Alan Gordon, Jaarsma, T., Pitsis, A., Mohacsi, P., Bohm, M., Anker, S., Dargie, H., Brutsaert, D. and Komajda, M. 2007. Advanced chronic heart failure: A position statement from the Study Group on Advanced Heart Failure of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology [review]. European Journal of Heart Failure 9 (6-7) , pp. 684-694. 10.1016/j.ejheart.2007.04.003

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Abstract

Therapy has improved the survival of heart failure (HF) patients. However, many patients progress to advanced chronic HF (ACHF). We propose a practical clinical definition and describe the characteristics of this condition. Patients that are generally recognised as ACHF often exhibit the following characteristics: 1) severe symptoms (NYHA class III to IV); 2) episodes with clinical signs of fluid retention and/or peripheral hypoperfusion; 3) objective evidence of severe cardiac dysfunction, shown by at least one of the following: left ventricular ejection fraction<30%, pseudonormal or restrictive mitral inflow pattern at Doppler-echocardiography; high left and/or right ventricular filling pressures; elevated B-type natriuretic peptides; 4) severe impairment of functional capacity demonstrated by either inability to exercise, a 6-minute walk test distance<300 m or a peak oxygen uptake<12-14 ml/kg/min; 5) history of >1 HF hospitalisation in the past 6 months; 6) presence of all the previous features despite optimal therapy. This definition identifies a group of patients with compromised quality of life, poor prognosis, and a high risk of clinical events. These patients deserve effective therapeutic options and should be potential targets for future clinical research initiatives.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Subjects:	R Medicine > R Medicine (General) R Medicine > RZ Other systems of medicine
Publisher:	Oxford University Press
ISSN:	1388-9842
Last Modified:	04 Jun 2017 07:52
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/69231

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