Epilepsy in tuberous sclerosis: phenotypes, mechanisms, and treatments

Sampson, Julian Roy ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2902-2348 and Saxena, Anurag 2015. Epilepsy in tuberous sclerosis: phenotypes, mechanisms, and treatments. Seminars in Neurology 35 (03) , pp. 269-276. 10.1055/s-0035-1552616

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Abstract

Epilepsy affects 75% to 90% of people with tuberous sclerosis, a multisystem genetic disorder. Although seizures can occur for the first time at any age, onset in infancy or childhood is usual. Around 30% of patients present with infantile spasms that often respond well to treatment with vigabatrin. Later seizures may occur as specific patterns, such as in Lennox–Gastaut syndrome, or with combinations of seizures including focal and multifocal seizures, and drop attacks. Most patients have two or more seizure types. Seizure control using current antiepileptic drugs is often unsatisfactory, leading to frequent polypharmacy. Epilepsy surgery has a place in the management of some patients. Mutations in the TSC1 and TSC2 genes that cause tuberous sclerosis lead to hyperactivation of signaling via the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Inhibitors of mTORC1 have recently been shown to be effective treatments for some manifestations of tuberous sclerosis; they are now being assessed as potential novel antiepileptic drugs in tuberous sclerosis and related disorders.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Subjects:	R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	tuberous sclerosis, TSC1, TSC2, mTORC1, epilepsy
Publisher:	Thieme
ISSN:	0271-8235
Last Modified:	31 Oct 2022 10:23
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/84656

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