Polygenic risk of psychosis and ventral striatal activation during reward processing in healthy adolescents

Lancaster, Thomas M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1322-2449, Linden, David E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5638-9292, Tansey, Katherine E., Banaschewski, Tobias, Bokde, Arun L. W., Bromberg, Uli, Büchel, Christian, Cattrell, Anna, Conrod, Patricia J., Flor, Herta, Frouin, Vincent, Gallinat, Jürgen, Garavan, Hugh, Gowland, Penny, Heinz, Andreas, Ittermann, Bernd, Martinot, Jean-Luc, Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillère, Artiges, Eric, Lemaitre, Herve, Nees, Frauke, Orfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos, Paus, Tomás, Poustka, Luise, Smolka, Michael N., Vetter, Nora C., Jurk, Sarah, Mennigen, Eva, Walter, Henrik, Whelan, Robert and Schumann, Gunter 2016. Polygenic risk of psychosis and ventral striatal activation during reward processing in healthy adolescents. JAMA Psychiatry 73 (8) , pp. 852-861. 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.1135

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Abstract

Importance: Psychotic disorders are characterized by attenuated activity in the brain’s valuation system in key reward processing areas, such as the ventral striatum (VS), as measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging. Objective To examine whether common risk variants for psychosis are associated with individual variation in the VS. Design, Setting, and Participants A cross-sectional study of a large cohort of adolescents from the IMAGEN study (a European multicenter study of reinforcement sensitivity in adolescents) was performed from March 1, 2008, through December 31, 2011. Data analysis was conducted from October 1, 2015, to January 9, 2016. Polygenic risk profile scores (RPSs) for psychosis were generated for 1841 healthy adolescents. Sample size and characteristics varied across regression analyses, depending on mutual information available (N = 1524-1836). Main Outcomes and Measures Reward-related brain function was assessed with blood oxygen level dependency (BOLD) in the VS using the monetary incentive delay (MID) task, distinguishing reward anticipation and receipt. Behavioral impulsivity, IQ, MID task performance, and VS BOLD were regressed against psychosis RPS at 4 progressive P thresholds (P < .01, P < .05, P < .10, and P < .50 for RPS models 1-4, respectively). Results In a sample of 1841 healthy adolescents (mean age, 14.5 years; 906 boys and 935 girls), we replicated an association between increasing psychosis RPS and reduced IQ (matrix reasoning: corrected P = .003 for RPS model 2, 0.4% variance explained), supporting the validity of the psychosis RPS models. We also found a nominally significant association between increased psychosis RPS and reduced MID task performance (uncorrected P = .03 for RPS model 4, 0.2% variance explained). Our main finding was a positive association between psychosis RPS and VS BOLD during reward anticipation at all 4 psychosis RPS models and for 2 P thresholds for reward receipt (RPS models 1 and 3), correcting for the familywise error rate (0.8%-1.9% variance explained). Conclusions and Relevance These findings support an association between psychosis RPS and VS BOLD in adolescents. Genetic risk for psychosis may shape an individual’s response to rewarding stimuli.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute (NMHRI) Medicine MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (CNGG)
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology
Publisher:	American Medical Association (AMA)
ISSN:	2168-622X
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	2 June 2020
Date of Acceptance:	16 April 2016
Last Modified:	01 Nov 2022 10:38
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/92398

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