Genetic errors of immunity distinguish pediatric non-malignant lymphoproliferative disorders

Forbes, Lisa R., Eckstein, Olive S., Gulati, Nitya, Peckham-Gregory, Erin C., Ozuah, Nmazuo W., Lubega, Joseph, El-Mallawany, Nader K., Agrusa, Jennifer, Poli, M. Cecilia, Vogel, Tiphanie P., Chaimowitz, Natalia S., Rider, Nicholas L., Mace, Emily M., Orange, Jordan S., Caldwell, Jason W., Aldave-Becerra, Juan C., Jolles, Stephen, Saettini, Francesco, Chong, Hey J., Stray-Pedersen, Asbjorg, Heslop, Helen E., Kamdar, Kala Y., Rouce, R. Helen, Muzny, Donna M., Jhangiani, Shalini N., Gibbs, Richard A., Coban-Akdemir, Zeynep H., Lupski, James R., McClain, Kenneth L., Allen, Carl E. and Chinn, Ivan K. 2022. Genetic errors of immunity distinguish pediatric non-malignant lymphoproliferative disorders. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 149 (2) , pp. 758-766. 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.07.015

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Abstract

Background Pediatric non-malignant lymphoproliferative disorders (PLPD) are clinically and genetically heterogeneous. Long-standing immune dysregulation and lymphoproliferation in children may be life-threatening, and a paucity of data exists to guide evaluation and treatment of children with PLPD. Objective The primary objective of this study was to ascertain the spectrum of genomic immunologic defects in PLPD. Secondary objectives included characterization of clinical outcomes and associations between genetic diagnoses and those outcomes. Methods PLPD was defined by persistent lymphadenopathy, lymph organ involvement, or lymphocytic infiltration for more than 3 months, with or without chronic or significant EBV infection. Fifty-one subjects from 47 different families with PLPD were analyzed using whole exome sequencing (WES). Results WES identified likely genetic errors of immunity in 51% to 62% of families (53% to 65% of affected children). Presence of a genetic etiology was associated with younger age and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Ten-year survival for the cohort was 72.4%, and patients with viable genetic diagnoses had a higher survival rate (82%) compared to children without a genetic explanation (48%, p = 0.03). Survival outcomes for individuals with EBV-associated disease and no genetic explanation were particularly worse than outcomes for subjects with EBV-associated disease and a genetic explanation (17% vs. 90%; p = 0.002). Ascertainment of a molecular diagnosis provided targetable treatment options for up to 18 individuals and led to active management changes for 12 patients. Conclusion PLPD therefore defines children with high risk for mortality, and WES informs clinical risks and therapeutic opportunities for this diagnosis.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	0091-6749
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	16 August 2021
Date of Acceptance:	14 July 2021
Last Modified:	18 Nov 2024 10:45
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/143141

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