High frequencies of polyfunctional HIV-specific T cells are associated with preservation of mucosal CD4 T cells in bronchoalveolar lavage

Brenchley, J. M., Knox, K. S., Asher, A. I., Price, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9416-2737, Kohli, L. M., Gostick, Emma, Hill, B. J., Hage, C. A., Brahmi, Z., Khoruts, A., Twigg, H. L., Schacker, T. W. and Douek, D. C. 2008. High frequencies of polyfunctional HIV-specific T cells are associated with preservation of mucosal CD4 T cells in bronchoalveolar lavage. Mucosal Immunology 1 (1) , pp. 49-58. 10.1038/mi.2007.5

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Abstract

The mechanisms underlying the massive gastrointestinal tract CD4 T-cell depletion in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are not well understood nor is it clear whether similar depletion is manifest at other mucosal surfaces. Studies of T-cell and virus dynamics in different anatomical sites have begun to illuminate the pathogenesis of HIV-associated disease. Here, we studied depletion and HIV infection frequencies of CD4 T cells from the gastrointestinal tract, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and blood with the frequencies and functional profiles of HIV-specific T cells in these anatomically distinct sites in HIV-infected individuals. The major findings to emerge were as follows: (i) depletion of gastrointestinal CD4 T cells is associated with high frequencies of infected CD4 T cells; (ii) HIV-specific T cells are present at low frequencies in the gastrointestinal tract compared to blood; (iii) BAL CD4 T cells are not massively depleted during the chronic phase; (iv) infection frequencies of BAL CD4 T cells are similar to those in blood; (v) significantly higher frequencies and increased functionality of HIV-specific T cells were observed in BAL compared to blood. Taken together, these data suggest mechanisms for mucosal CD4 T-cell depletion and interventions that might circumvent global depletion of mucosal CD4 T cells.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine Systems Immunity Research Institute (SIURI)
Subjects:	R Medicine > RZ Other systems of medicine
Publisher:	Nature Publishing Group
ISSN:	1933-0219
Last Modified:	07 Nov 2022 07:51
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/30392

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