Why are some enzymes dimers? flexibility and catalysis in Thermotoga maritima dihydrofolate reductase

Ruiz-Pernía, J. Javier, Tuñón, Iñaki, Moliner, Vicent and Allemann, Rudolf K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1323-8830 2019. Why are some enzymes dimers? flexibility and catalysis in Thermotoga maritima dihydrofolate reductase. ACS Catalysis 9 , pp. 5902-5911. 10.1021/acscatal.9b01250

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Abstract

Dihydrofolate reductase from Thermotoga maritima (TmDFHFR) is a dimeric thermophilic enzyme that catalyzes the hydride transfer from the cofactor NADPH to dihydrofolate less efficiently than other DHFR enzymes, such as the mesophilic analogue Escherichia coli DHFR (EcDHFR). Using QM/MM potentials, we show that the reduced catalytic efficiency of TmDHFR is most likely due to differences in the amino acid sequence that stabilize the M20 loop in an open conformation, which prevents the formation of some interactions in the transition state and increases the number of water molecules in the active site. However, dimerization provides two advantages to the thermophilic enzyme: it protects its structure against denaturation by reducing thermal fluctuations and it provides a less negative activation entropy, toning down the increase of the activation free energy with temperature. Our molecular picture is confirmed by the analysis of the temperature dependence of enzyme kinetic isotope effects in different DHFR enzymes.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Chemistry Cardiff Catalysis Institute (CCI)
Publisher:	American Chemical Society
ISSN:	2155-5435
Funders:	BBSRC, Spanish Ministerio de Economi�a y Competitividad and FEDER funds
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	18 June 2019
Date of Acceptance:	13 May 2019
Last Modified:	05 May 2023 09:01
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/123545

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