Genetic risk of dementia modifies obesity effects on white matter myelin in cognitively healthy adults

Mole, Jilu P., Fasano, Fabrizio, Evans, John, Sims, Rebecca ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3885-1199, Hamilton, Derek A., Kidd, Emma ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5507-1170 and Metzler-Baddeley, Claudia ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8646-1144 2020. Genetic risk of dementia modifies obesity effects on white matter myelin in cognitively healthy adults. Neurobiology of Aging 94 , pp. 298-310. 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.06.014

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Abstract

APOE-ε4 is a major genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease that interacts with other risk factors, but the nature of such combined effects remains poorly understood. We quantified the impact of APOE-ε4, family history (FH) of dementia, and obesity on white matter (WM) microstructure in 165 asymptomatic adults (38-71 years old) using quantitative magnetization transfer and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging. Microstructural properties of the fornix, parahippocampal cingulum, and uncinate fasciculus were compared with those in motor and whole-brain WM regions. Widespread interaction effects between APOE, FH, and waist-hip ratio were found in the myelin-sensitive macromolecular proton fraction from quantitative magnetization transfer. Among individuals with the highest genetic risk (FH+ and APOE-ε4), obesity was associated with reduced macromolecular proton fraction in the right parahippocampal cingulum, whereas no effects were present for those without FH. Risk effects on apparent myelin were moderated by hypertension and inflammation-related markers. These findings suggest that genetic risk modifies the impact of obesity on WM myelin consistent with neuroglia models of aging and late-onset Alzheimer's disease.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC) Pharmacy Psychology
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	0197-4580
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	3 August 2020
Date of Acceptance:	20 June 2020
Last Modified:	25 Nov 2024 12:15
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/132675

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