Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate to prevent hyperkalaemia if haemodialysis is postponed due to vascular access complications: experience from clinical practice

Brooks, Owain, Mikhail, Ashraf, Brown, Chris, Gumbleton, Mark ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7386-311X, Jenkins, Justine ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2954-6237 and Boyle, Kaitlin 2020. Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate to prevent hyperkalaemia if haemodialysis is postponed due to vascular access complications: experience from clinical practice. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 35 (S3) , P0324. 10.1093/ndt/gfaa142.P0324

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Abstract

Background and Aims Vascular access is a fundamental aspect of haemodialysis (HD) treatment. Vascular access may be compromised due to central venous catheter (CVC) thrombosis, arterio-venous fistula (AVF) or graft (AVG) stenosis, infections or perioperative complications that require urgent resolution or the formation of alternative emergency or definitive access. Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC) (Lokelma®) is a new oral potassium binder. We offer an insight into SZC treatment to prevent hyperkalaemia in patients where HD is postponed due to vascular access complications. Method Adult prevalent HD patients were included for analysis. Each patient was unable to receive their full scheduled HD treatment due to a vascular access complication. SZC was prescribed on the day HD was not possible (D1) until the vascular access issue was resolved and HD could recommence. The primary efficacy measures were the prevention of increases in serum potassium (sK+), the safe postponement of HD and the avoidance of emergency hospital admission. Results Four patients receiving thrice-weekly HD (mean age 69 years, all male) received SZC for a mean duration of 3.5 days (min 2 days, max 6 days). No patients were admitted during these acute episodes. The mean pre-dialysis sK+ on D1 was 6.0mmol/L (K1). No post-dialysis sK+ values were obtained on D1 because HD was not possible or cut-short (Table 1). For patients 2 and 3, one and 10 HD treatments preceded the next sK+ (K2) respectively. sK+ reduced from 5.8mmol/L (K1) to 4.8mmol/L (K2) for patients 1 and 4 (Table 1). No statistical analyses were undertaken due to the low patient numbers. HD was delayed beyond the scheduled treatment date for 3 of the 4 patients, with a mean delay of 1.75 days (min 0 days, max 3 days) (Table 2). There was no delay between HD treatments for patient 2, who only received 1 hour HD treatment on D1. The last full HD treatment for patient 2 was 3 days prior to D1. A gap between SZC initiation (D1) and the next HD treatment was seen for all four patients, with a mean gap of 2 days (min 1 day, max 3 days) (Table 2). Conclusion Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate can be used to successfully reduce, or avoid an increase in sK+ in mild to moderate hyperkalaemia, avoid emergency hospital admission and allow HD to be postponed for a valuable short period until HD vascular access can be re-established.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Pharmacy
Publisher:	Oxford University Press
ISSN:	0931-0509
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	28 July 2020
Date of Acceptance:	6 June 2020
Last Modified:	05 Feb 2025 22:30
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/133788

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