Absence of mucosal-associated invariant T cells in a person with a homozygous point mutation in MR1

Howson, Lauren J., Awad, Wael, von Borstel, Anouk, Lim, Hui Jing, McWilliam, Hamish E. G., Sandoval-Romero, Maria L., Majumdar, Shamik, Hamzeh, Abdul Rezzak, Andrews, Thomas D., McDermott, David H., Murphy, Philip M., Le Nours, Jérôme, Mak, Jeffrey Y. W., Liu, Ligong, Fairlie, David P., McCluskey, James, Villadangos, Jose A., Cook, Matthew C., Turner, Stephen J., Davey, Martin S., Ojaimi, Samar and Rossjohn, Jamie ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2020-7522 2020. Absence of mucosal-associated invariant T cells in a person with a homozygous point mutation in MR1. Science Immunology 5 (49) , eabc9492. 10.1126/sciimmunol.abc9492

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Abstract

The role unconventional T cells play in protective immunity in humans is unclear. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are an unconventional T cell subset restricted to the antigen-presenting molecule MR1. Here, we report the discovery of a patient homozygous for a rare Arg31His (R9H in the mature protein) mutation in MR1 who has a history of difficult-to-treat viral and bacterial infections. MR1R9H was unable to present the potent microbially derived MAIT cell stimulatory ligand. The MR1R9H crystal structure revealed that the stimulatory ligand cannot bind due to the mutation lying within, and causing structural perturbation to, the ligand-binding domain of MR1. While MR1R9H could bind and be up-regulated by a MAIT cell inhibitory ligand, the patient lacked circulating MAIT cells. This shows the importance of the stimulatory ligand for MAIT cell selection in humans. The patient had an expanded γδ T cell population, indicating a compensatory interplay between these unconventional T cell subsets.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Published Online
Status:	Published
Schools:	Advanced Research Computing @ Cardiff (ARCCA) Medicine
Publisher:	American Association for the Advancement of Science
ISSN:	2470-9468
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	20 August 2020
Date of Acceptance:	11 June 2020
Last Modified:	25 Jul 2024 16:05
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/134301

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