Tyrosine 121 moves revealing a ligandable pocket that couples catalysis to ATP-binding in serine racemase

Koulouris, Chloe R., Gardiner, Sian E., Harris, Tessa K., Elvers, Karen T., Mark Roe, S., Gillespie, Jason A., Ward, Simon E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8745-8377, Grubisha, Olivera ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1067-1230, Nicholls, Robert A., Atack, John R. and Bax, Benjamin D. 2022. Tyrosine 121 moves revealing a ligandable pocket that couples catalysis to ATP-binding in serine racemase. Communications Biology 5 (1) , 346. 10.1038/s42003-022-03264-5

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Abstract

Human serine racemase (hSR) catalyses racemisation of L-serine to D-serine, the latter of which is a co-agonist of the NMDA subtype of glutamate receptors that are important in synaptic plasticity, learning and memory. In a ‘closed’ hSR structure containing the allosteric activator ATP, the inhibitor malonate is enclosed between the large and small domains while ATP is distal to the active site, residing at the dimer interface with the Tyr121 hydroxyl group contacting the α-phosphate of ATP. In contrast, in ‘open’ hSR structures, Tyr121 sits in the core of the small domain with its hydroxyl contacting the key catalytic residue Ser84. The ability to regulate SR activity by flipping Tyr121 from the core of the small domain to the dimer interface appears to have evolved in animals with a CNS. Multiple X-ray crystallographic enzyme-fragment structures show Tyr121 flipped out of its pocket in the core of the small domain. Data suggest that this ligandable pocket could be targeted by molecules that inhibit enzyme activity.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Biosciences
Additional Information:	This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Publisher:	Nature Research
ISSN:	2399-3642
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	25 April 2022
Date of Acceptance:	14 March 2022
Last Modified:	05 Jan 2024 05:36
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/149318

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