Citizens’ data privacy in China: The state of the art of the Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL)

Calzada, Igor ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4269-830X 2022. Citizens’ data privacy in China: The state of the art of the Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL). Smart Cities 5 (3) , pp. 1129-1150. 10.3390/smartcities5030057

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Abstract

The Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL) was launched on 1 November 2021 in China. This article provides a state-of-the-art review of PIPL through a policy analysis. This paper aims to compare the three main worldwide data privacy paradigms that exist at present: (i) the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the E.U., (ii) the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) in the U.S., and (iii) PIPL in China. The research question is twofold: (i) how will PIPL affect the data privacy of Chinese citizens and consequently, (ii) how will PIPL influence the global digital order, particularly paralleling the existing GDPR and CCPA? In the first section, this article introduces the topic of data privacy as a global concern, followed in the second section by an in-depth policy context analysis of PIPL and a literature review on privacy that elucidates in particular the impact of the Social Credit System (SCS). In the third section, a comparative benchmarking is carried out between the GDPR, CCPA, and PIPL. Methodologically, policy documents around PIPL will be analyzed. In the fourth section, the case study of Shenzhen will be examined by undertaking a multi-stakeholder analysis following the Penta Helix framework. The article concludes by responding to the research questions, acknowledging limitations, and presenting future research avenues.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Social Sciences (Includes Criminology and Education) Wales Institute of Social & Economic Research, Data & Methods (WISERD)
Subjects:	G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > G Geography (General) H Social Sciences > H Social Sciences (General) H Social Sciences > HB Economic Theory H Social Sciences > HC Economic History and Conditions H Social Sciences > HM Sociology H Social Sciences > HN Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform H Social Sciences > HS Societies secret benevolent etc H Social Sciences > HT Communities. Classes. Races H Social Sciences > HV Social pathology. Social and public welfare H Social Sciences > HX Socialism. Communism. Anarchism J Political Science > J General legislative and executive papers J Political Science > JA Political science (General) J Political Science > JC Political theory J Political Science > JF Political institutions (General) J Political Science > JK Political institutions (United States) J Political Science > JL Political institutions (America except United States) J Political Science > JN Political institutions (Europe) J Political Science > JN Political institutions (Europe) > JN101 Great Britain J Political Science > JN Political institutions (Europe) > JN1187 Scotland J Political Science > JQ Political institutions Asia J Political Science > JS Local government Municipal government J Political Science > JV Colonies and colonization. Emigration and immigration. International migration J Political Science > JX International law J Political Science > JZ International relations K Law > K Law (General) K Law > KF United States Federal Law T Technology > T Technology (General)
Publisher:	MDPI
ISSN:	2624-6511
Funders:	Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC), US-UK Fulbright Commission
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	8 September 2022
Date of Acceptance:	5 September 2022
Last Modified:	21 May 2023 03:50
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/152393

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