Facial morphology of Slovenian and Welsh white populations using 3-dimensional imaging

Božič, M., Kau, C. H., Richmond, Stephen ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5449-5318, Ihan Hren, N., Zhurov, Alexei ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5594-0740, Udovic, M., Melinkg, S. and Ovsenik, M. 2009. Facial morphology of Slovenian and Welsh white populations using 3-dimensional imaging. Angle Orthodontist 79 (4) , pp. 640-645.

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Abstract

Objective: To use 3-dimensional (3D) facial averages to test the hypothesis that the facial morphologies of 2 European white groups (Slovenia and Wales) have no differences. Methods: Fifty males and 50 females from Wales and 43 males and 44 females from Slovenia were included in the study. Subjects ranged from 18 to 30 years of age. Four subgroups were formed: Slovenian males (SM), Slovenian females (SF), Welsh males (WM), and Welsh females (WF). 3D data were acquired using a laser scanning system. An average face for each subgroup was obtained using a previously validated mathematical algorithm. Facial differences were quantified after average faces had been superimposed using a previously validated method. Results: A total of 187 subjects from Slovenia and Wales formed 4 gender-specific subgroups. Absolute differences between subgroups ranged from 0.36 mm to 1.51 mm. The mean linear facial difference between SF and WF was 0.64 ± 0.51 mm, and between SM and WM was 0.36 ± 0.41 mm. Similarities between subgroups ranged from 13.43% (SF, WF) to 70.23% (SM, WM). Slovenian males and females tend to express Class III facial morphology when compared with the Welsh gender–specific subgroups. Male faces, in general, have more pronounced nasal, brow, and frontal regions and mandibles when compared with females. Female faces have more prominent malar and periocular areas. Conclusion: The hypothesis is rejected. Morphologic differences exist between Slovenian and Welsh faces.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Dentistry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	imaging, three-dimensional, anthropometry, face, orthodontics, surgery, oral
Publisher:	E. H. Angle Education and Research Foundation
ISSN:	0003-3219
Last Modified:	18 Oct 2022 13:53
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/15782

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