Robust and prototypical immune responses towards COVID-19 BNT162b2 vaccines in Indigenous people

Zhang, Wuji, Kedzierski, Lukasz, Chua, Brendon Y., Wheatley, Adam K., Rowntree, Louise, Allen, Lilith, Petersen, Jan, Chaurasia, Priyanka, Mettelman, Robert, Miller, Adrian, Thomas, Paul G., Rossjohn, Jamie ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2020-7522, Subbarao, Kanta, Kent, Stephen J., Nelson, Jane, Davies, Jane, Nguyen, Thi H.O. and Kedzierska, Katherine 2022. Robust and prototypical immune responses towards COVID-19 BNT162b2 vaccines in Indigenous people. The Journal of Immunology 208 (1_Supp) , 65.13. 10.4049/jimmunol.208.Supp.65.13

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Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 has led to >270 million infections and >5 million deaths globally. Indigenous people are disproportionately affected by infectious diseases, therefore also more susceptible to the COVID-19 pandemic. There are an estimated 476 million indigenous people globally, including an estimated 798,365 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander in Australia. With the high vulnerability to COVID-19, this knowledge is urgently needed to better protect indigenous populations. We evaluated a breadth of immune responses in indigenous (n=57) and non-indigenous (n=49) individuals after COVID-19 vaccination. We tested RBD antibodies, spike/RBD-probe-specific B cells, peptide stimulations with activation-induced marker (AIM) assay and intracellular cytokine staining. We found 22% and 34% seroconversion rates after 1st dose of BNT162b2 vaccine for Indigenous and non-indigenous individuals, respectively, which increased to 100% at 1-mth after 2nd dose for both groups. RBD-specific IgG levels in indigenous individuals at 1-mth after 2nd dose positively correlated with their body mass index. At 1-mth after the 2nd COVID-19 vaccination, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses via AIM expression and IFN-γ+TNF+ production was comparable between indigenous and non-indigenous individuals. We are also going to assess the longevity of antibodies and T cells. Therefore, COVID-19 vaccination induced similar immune responses in indigenous and non-indigenous individuals.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Publisher:	American Association of Immunologists
ISSN:	0022-1767
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	6 June 2023
Date of Acceptance:	10 April 2022
Last Modified:	09 Jun 2023 11:41
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/160189

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