FLT3 inhibitors as MRD-guided salvage treatment for molecular failure in FLT3 mutated AML

Othman, Jad, Potter, Nicola, Mokretar, Katya, Taussig, David, Khan, Anjum, Krishnamurthy, Pramila, Latif, Anne-Louise, Cahalin, Paul, Aries, James, Amer, Mariam, Belsham, Edward, Conneally, Eibhlin, Craddock, Charles, Culligan, Dominic, Dennis, Mike, Duncan, Caroline, Freeman, Sylvie D., Furness, Caroline, Gilkes, Amanda, Gkreka, Paraskevi, Hodgson, Katherine, Ingram, Wendy, Jain, Manish, King, Andrew, Knapper, Steven ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6405-4441, Kottaridis, Panagiotis, McMullin, Mary Frances, Mohite, Unmesh, Ngu, Loretta, O’Nions, Jenny, Patrick, Katharine, Rider, Tom, Roberts, Wing, Severinsen, Marianne Tang, Storrar, Neill, Taylor, Tom, Russell, Nigel H. and Dillon, Richard 2023. FLT3 inhibitors as MRD-guided salvage treatment for molecular failure in FLT3 mutated AML. Leukemia 37 (10) , pp. 2066-2072. 10.1038/s41375-023-01994-x

	PDF - Published Version Download (1MB)
	PDF - Supplemental Material Download (495kB)

Abstract

Patients with FLT3-mutated AML have a high relapse rate and suboptimal outcomes. Many have co-mutations suitable for measurable residual disease (MRD) monitoring by RT-qPCR and those destined to relapse can be identified by high or rising levels of MRD, called molecular failure. This provides a window for pre-emptive intervention, but there is little evidence to guide treatment. The use of FLT3 inhibitors (FLT3i) appears attractive but their use has not yet been evaluated. We identified 56 patients treated with FLT3i at molecular failure. The FLT3 mutation was an ITD in 52, TKD in 7 and both in 3. Over half of patients had previously received midostaurin. Molecular failure occurred at a median 9.2 months from diagnosis and was treated with gilteritinib (n = 38), quizartinib (n = 7) or sorafenib (n = 11). 60% achieved a molecular response, with 45% reaching MRD negativity. Haematological toxicity was low, and 22 patients were bridged directly to allogeneic transplant with another 6 to donor lymphocyte infusion. 2-year overall survival was 80% (95%CI 69–93) and molecular event-free survival 56% (95%CI 44–72). High-sensitivity next-generation sequencing for FLT3-ITD at molecular failure identified patients more likely to benefit. FLT3i monotherapy for molecular failure is a promising strategy which merits evaluation in prospective studies.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Published Online
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Additional Information:	License information from Publisher: LICENSE 1: URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Type: open-access
Publisher:	Springer Nature [academic journals on nature.com]
ISSN:	0887-6924
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	2 October 2023
Date of Acceptance:	2 August 2023
Last Modified:	04 Oct 2023 01:29
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/162882

Actions (repository staff only)

Edit Item