Stimulus-dependent emergence of understanding the ‘same–different’ concept in budgerigars

Song, Jingshu, Luo, Fangyuan, ten Cate, Carel, Yan, Chuan, Que, Pinjia, Zhan, Xiangjiang and Chen, Jiani 2024. Stimulus-dependent emergence of understanding the ‘same–different’ concept in budgerigars. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 291 (2036) 10.1098/rspb.2024.1862

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Abstract

The ability to understand relational concepts, such as ‘same’ and ‘different’, is a critical feature of human cognition. To what extent non-human animals can acquire such concepts and which factors influence their learning are still unclear. We examined the acquisition and the breadth of understanding the ‘same–different’ concept in budgerigars ( Melopsittacus undulatus ). Budgerigars trained to discriminate stimulus pairs in which two identical figures were either the same or different size (Experiment 1) successfully generalized the discrimination to novel stimuli belonging to various categories (size, colour, shape, geometric type and number of dots). The results of Experiment 1 thus demonstrate that budgerigars can perceive and generalize the same–different concept across dimensions after training with a limited set of stimuli differing along a single dimension. In contrast, while most budgerigars trained to discriminate two pairs of discs that were either the same or different in colour (Experiment 2) could generalize the discrimination to novel stimuli within the training category (colour), only few generalized the discrimination to another category suggesting a generalization based on perceptual similarity. The results thus show that whether budgerigars generalize a relationship by conceptual or perceptual similarity depends on the nature of the training stimuli.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Biosciences
Additional Information:	License information from Publisher: LICENSE 1: URL: https://royalsociety.org/-/media/journals/author/Licence-to-Publish-20062019-final.pdf, Start Date: 2024-12-01
Publisher:	The Royal Society
ISSN:	0962-8452
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	7 January 2025
Date of Acceptance:	6 November 2024
Last Modified:	07 Jan 2025 11:45
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/175064

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