Kinematic analysis of z = 4.3 galaxies in the SPT2349-56 protocluster core

Venkateshwaran, Aparna, Weiss, Axel, Sulzenauer, Nikolaus, Menten, Karl, Aravena, Manuel, Chapman, Scott C., Gonzalez, Anthony, Gururajan, Gayathri, Hayward, Christopher C., Hill, Ryley, Reuter, Cassie, Spilker, Justin S. and Vieira, Joaquin D. 2024. Kinematic analysis of z = 4.3 galaxies in the SPT2349-56 protocluster core. The Astrophysical Journal 977 (2) , 161. 10.3847/1538-4357/ad7bb4

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Abstract

SPT2349−56 is a protocluster discovered in the 2500 deg2 South Pole Telescope (SPT) survey. In this paper, we study the kinematics of the galaxies found in the core of SPT2349−56 using high-resolution (1.55 kpc spatial resolution at z = 4.303) redshifted [C ii] 158 μm data. Using the publicly available code 3DBAROLO, we analyze the seven far-infrared brightest galaxies within the protocluster core. Based on conventional definitions for the detection of rotating disks, we classify six sources to be rotating disks in an actively star-forming protocluster environment, with weighted mean Vrot/σdisp = 4.5 ± 1.3. The weighted mean rotation velocity (Vrot) and velocity dispersion (σdisp) for the sample are 357.1 ± 114.7 km s−1 and 43.5 ± 23.5 km s−1, respectively. We also assess the disk stability of the galaxies and find a mean Toomre parameter of QT = 0.9 ± 0.3. The galaxies show a mild positive correlation between disk stability and dynamical support. Using the position–velocity maps, we find that five sources further classify as disturbed disks, and one classifies as a strictly rotating disk. Our sample joins several observations at similar redshift with high V/σ values, with the exception that they are morphologically disturbed, kinematically rotating, and interacting galaxies in an extreme protocluster environment.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Schools > Physics and Astronomy
Publisher:	American Astronomical Society
ISSN:	0004-637X
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	4 April 2025
Date of Acceptance:	3 September 2024
Last Modified:	04 Apr 2025 11:10
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/177279

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