Requirements on bandpass resolution and measurement precision for LiteBIRD

Giardiello, S., Carones, A., Ghigna, T., Pagano, L., Piacentini, F., Montier, L., Takaku, R., Calabrese, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0837-0068, Adak, D., Allys, E., Anand, A., Aumont, J., Ballardini, M., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Bersanelli, M., Besnard, A., Bortolami, M., Brinckmann, T., Casas, F.J., Cheung, K., Citran, M., Clermont, L., Columbro, F., Coppolecchia, A., Cuttaia, F., de Bernardis, P., de la Hoz, E., De Lucia, M., Della Torre, S., Di Giorgi, E., Diego-Palazuelos, P., Fuskeland, U., Galloni, G., Galloway, M., Gerbino, M., Gervasi, M., Génova-Santos, R.T., Gimeno-Amo, C., Gruppuso, A., Hazumi, M., Henrot-Versillé, S., Hergt, L.T., Jost, B., Kohri, K., Lamagna, L., Leloup, C., Levrier, F., Lonappan, A.I., López-Caniego, M., Luzzi, G., Macias-Perez, J., Maranchery, V., Martínez-González, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Matsumura, T., Micheli, S., Migliaccio, M., Monelli, M., Morgante, G., Mousset, L., Nagata, R., Novelli, A., Noviello, F., Obata, I., Occhiuzzi, A., Paiella, A., Paoletti, D., Pascual-Cisneros, G., Patanchon, G., Pinchera, M., Polenta, G., Porcelli, L., Puglisi, G., Raffuzzi, N., Remazeilles, M., Rizzieri, A., Ruiz-Granda, M., Sanghavi, J., Sauvage, V., Savini, G., Shiraishi, M., Signorelli, G., Sullivan, R.M., Takase, Y., Terenzi, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Vacher, L., van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Wehus, I.K., Weymann-Despres, G., Wollack, E.J., Zhou, Y. and The LiteBIRD collaboration 2025. Requirements on bandpass resolution and measurement precision for LiteBIRD. Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2025 (10) , 038. 10.1088/1475-7516/2025/10/038

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Abstract

Systematic effects can hinder the sought-after detection of primordial gravitational waves, impacting the reconstruction of the B-mode polarization signal which they generate in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). In this work, we study the impact of an imperfect knowledge of the instrument bandpasses on the estimate of the tensor-to-scalar ratio r in the context of the next-generation LiteBIRD satellite. We develop a pipeline to integrate over the bandpass transmission in both the time-ordered data (TOD) and the map-making processing steps. We introduce the systematic effect by having a mismatch between the “real”, high resolution bandpass τ, entering the TOD, and the estimated one τs , used in the map-making. We focus on two aspects: the effect of degrading the τs resolution, and the addition of a Gaussian error σ to τs . To reduce the computational load of the analysis, the two effects are explored separately, for three representative LiteBIRD channels (40 GHz, 140 GHz and 402 GHz) and for three bandpass shapes. Computing the amount of bias on r, Δr, caused by these effects on a single channel, we find that a resolution ≲ 1.5 GHz and σ ≲ 0.0089 do not exceed the LiteBIRD budget allocation per systematic effect, Δr < 6.5 × 10-6. We then check that propagating separately the uncertainties due to a resolution of 1 GHz and a measurement error with σ = 0.0089 in all LiteBIRD frequency channels, for the most pessimistic bandpass shape of the three considered, still produces a Δr < 6.5 × 10-6. This is done both with the simple deprojection approach and with a blind component separation technique, the Needlet Internal Linear Combination (NILC). Due to the effectiveness of NILC in cleaning the systematic residuals, we have tested that the requirement on σ can be relaxed to σ ≲ 0.05.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Schools > Physics and Astronomy
Additional Information:	License information from Publisher: LICENSE 1: URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Type: cc-by
Publisher:	IOP Publishing
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	16 October 2025
Date of Acceptance:	10 September 2025
Last Modified:	16 Oct 2025 09:46
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/181704

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