Structural biology of γδ T cell receptors

Rashleigh, Liam, Pan, Mengqi, Rossjohn, Jamie ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2020-7522 and Rice, Michael T. 2026. Structural biology of γδ T cell receptors. Current Opinion in Structural Biology 97 , 103221. 10.1016/j.sbi.2026.103221

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Abstract

T cell receptor (TCR) diversity underpins cellular immunity. While αβ TCRs have been extensively studied in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted antigen recognition, the γδ TCR system remains underexplored. Unlike their αβ counterparts, γδ TCRs display versatile, often MHC-independent recognition modes, engaging diverse ligands ranging from butyrophilins (BTNs) and other disparate molecules. Recent advances in cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) paired with crystallographic data have illuminated critical aspects of γδ TCR -ligand interactions, the CD3 complex architecture, and the inherent flexibility underpinning their varied recognition modes. In this review, we compare the classical αβ TCR-MHC paradigm against the backdrop of emerging γδ TCR structures, highlighting the latest cryo-EM findings and their implications for immunobiology.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Schools > Medicine
Additional Information:	License information from Publisher: LICENSE 1: URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Start Date: 2026-01-22
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	0959-440X
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	19 February 2026
Last Modified:	19 Feb 2026 10:30
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/185018

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