Cardiff University | Prifysgol Caerdydd ORCA
Online Research @ Cardiff 
WelshClear Cookie - decide language by browser settings

Instance memorization and category influence: Challenging the evidence for multiple systems in category learning

Johansen, Mark K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6429-1976, Fouquet, Nathalie, Savage, Justin C. D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-3475 and Shanks, David R. 2013. Instance memorization and category influence: Challenging the evidence for multiple systems in category learning. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 66 (6) , pp. 1204-1226. 10.1080/17470218.2012.735679

Full text not available from this repository.

Abstract

A class of dual-system theories of categorization assumes a categorization system based on actively formed prototypes in addition to a separate instance memory system. It has been suggested that, because they have used poorly differentiated category structures (such as the influential “5-4” structure), studies supporting the alternative exemplar theory reveal little about the properties of the categorization system. Dual-system theories assume that the instance memory system only influences categorization behaviour via similarity to single isolated instances, without generalization across instances. However, we present the results of two experiments employing the 5-4 structure to argue against this. Experiment 1 contrasted learning in the standard 5-4 structure with learning in an even more poorly differentiated 5-4 structure. In Experiment 2, participants memorized the 5-4 structure based on a five minute simultaneous presentation of all nine category instances. Both experiments revealed category influences as reflected by differences in instance learnability and generalization, at variance with the dual-system prediction. These results have implications for the exemplars versus prototypes debate and the nature of human categorization mechanisms.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: Psychology
Subjects: B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology
Uncontrolled Keywords: Category learning, Exemplars, Prototypes, Categorization, Representation
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISSN: 1747-0218
Last Modified: 10 Sep 2023 16:52
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/48033

Citation Data

Cited 2 times in Scopus. View in Scopus. Powered By Scopus® Data

Actions (repository staff only)

Edit Item Edit Item