Sequence variants of the Axin gene in breast, colon, and other cancers: an analysis of mutations that interfere with GSK3 binding

Webster, M. T., Rozycka, M., Sara, Elizabeth, Davis, E., Smalley, Matthew John ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9540-1146, Young, N., Dale, Trevor Clive ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4880-9963 and Wooster, R. 2000. Sequence variants of the Axin gene in breast, colon, and other cancers: an analysis of mutations that interfere with GSK3 binding. Genes Chromosomes and Cancer 28 (4) , pp. 443-453. 10.1002/1098-2264(200008)28:4<443::AID-GCC10>3.0.CO;2-D

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Abstract

Axin is a recently discovered component of a multiprotein complex containing APC, beta-catenin, GSK3, and PP2A, which functions in the degradation of the beta-catenin protein. As part of WNT signal transduction, the function of the Axin complex is inhibited, leading to the accumulation of beta-catenin. The inappropriate stabilization of beta-catenin has been implicated in a range of human tumors. Two oncogenic mechanisms leading to beta-catenin stabilization are the loss of the APC tumor suppressor protein and the mutational activation of beta-catenin, such that the Axin/APC complex can no longer regulate it. Studies in Drosophila and mammalian tissue culture showed loss of Axin function interfered with beta-catenin turnover and activated beta-catenin/TCF-dependent transcription. Based on these observations, Axin was screened for mutations in a range of human tumor cell lines and primary breast tumor samples. We identified two sequence variants causing amino acid substitutions in four colon cancer cell lines, a Ser-to-Leu at residue 215 in LS513 and a Leu-to-Met at residue 396 in HCT-8, HCT-15, and DLD-1. The Axin L396M mutation was selected for further study since it lay within a region that was shown to interact with glycogen synthase kinase-3. Biochemical and functional studies showed that the L396M change interfered with Axin's ability to bind GSK3. Interestingly, this mutation and a neighboring L392M change differentially altered Axin's ability to interfere with two upstream activators of TCF-dependent transcription, Frat1 and Disheveled.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Biosciences European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute (ECSCRI)
Publisher:	Wiley-Blackwell
ISSN:	1045-2257
Last Modified:	27 Oct 2022 09:09
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/64559

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