The feasibility of energy-from-waste systems in the UK – a techno-economic model

Lima, Catarina 2014. The feasibility of energy-from-waste systems in the UK – a techno-economic model. MPhil Thesis, Cardiff University. Item availability restricted.

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Abstract

This thesis aims at interpreting the issues surrounding the implementation of small-scale EfW systems in the UK. To investigate these issues a case-study area was used and a techno-economic model has been applied to define the feasibility parameters of a modern Advanced Thermal Treatment process for around 20,000 tonnes of waste per year. Previous literature suggested the use of sensitivity and scenario analysis as an adequate method for research of these systems. A waste classification was performed in a typical rural environment. The waste streams analysed were MRF residues (end-of belt residue, trommel residue and ballistic separator residue) resulting from household waste and recycling waste. This data was fed into the techno-economic model. The results of the techno-economic model show that this type of facility is sensitive to variations in fuel properties, tonnages, operation and operational availability. Ideally a waste derived fuel would have high calorific value and low moisture content. However the analysis of municipal waste properties reveals that only a small part of the waste has these characteristics. Thus it is necessary to manipulate the calorific value in the overall waste stream in order to increase its potential for use in Advanced Thermal Treatment processes. Investment analysis included NPV (net present value) and IRR (internal rate of return) analysis of five scenarios which particularly reflected the impact on capital cost repayment. Results showed that the most attractive option for investment is the nominal situation which presented values of 17% IRR. All of the scenarios investigated returned a lower IRR, with values ranging from 6% to 15%, which reflects its associated risk. The results obtained from the techno-economic model show that nominal scenario is economically feasible. However, alterations to chemical properties of the waste and operation of the thermal treatment processes impacts greatly on economic feasibility which reflects the high risk associated to investments of this nature.

Item Type:	Thesis (MPhil)
Status:	Unpublished
Schools:	Engineering
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Techno-Economic Models; Energy-From-Waste; Waste Management.
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	30 March 2016
Last Modified:	19 Oct 2023 12:57
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/65978

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