Sex differences in symptom patterns of recurrent major depression in siblings

Escott-Price, Valentina ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1784-5483, Farmer, Anne, Jones, Ian Richard ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5821-5889, Brewster, Shyama, Ferrero, François, Gill, Michael, Jones, Lisa Anne, Maier, Wolfgang, Mors, Ole, Owen, Michael John ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4798-0862, Perry, Julia, Preisig, Martin, Rietschel, Marcella, McGuffin, Peter, Craddock, Nicholas John ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2171-0610 and Korszun, Ania 2008. Sex differences in symptom patterns of recurrent major depression in siblings. Depression and Anxiety 25 (6) , pp. 527-534. 10.1002/da.20372

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Abstract

The objectives of this study were to examine sex differences in depressive symptom patterns in 475 sib pairs with well-defined recurrent major depression and to test the hypotheses that (a) symptom patterns show higher intraclass correlations within same sex sib pairs versus mixed sex sib pairs; and (b) symptoms more associated with women, e.g. atypical depressive and anxiety symptoms, account for differences between male and female siblings within the same family. A total of 878 individuals, with a past history of at least two depressive episodes, were interviewed using the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry interview and diagnosed according to DSM-IV using a computerized scoring program (CATEGO5). Intraclass correlations were compared between mixed and same sex sibs, and a conditional regression analysis in mixed sex sib pairs was performed to test whether specific symptoms account for differences between male and female siblings within the same family. Women showed a significantly earlier onset of depression compared with men (23.0 years, SD=10.6 versus 25.5, SD=12.5 years, P=0.0004), and a significantly greater frequency of several aspects of depressed mood was found in women compared with men, including atypical depressive features of fatiguability, appetite gain, weight gain and hypersomnia. Discordant sib-pair data analyses revealed five symptoms that accounted for the sex differences between siblings (P=.000035): phobia (exp(B)=2.04, P=0.017), hypersomnia (exp(B)=1.37, P=0.055), appetite loss (exp(B)=1.38, P=0.004) and appetite gain (exp(B)=2.19, P<0.001). Sex significantly modifies clinical features of depression and an earlier onset of depression and atypical depressive symptoms occur more frequently in women.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (CNGG) Medicine Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute (NMHRI)
Subjects:	R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
Publisher:	Wiley-Blackwell
ISSN:	1091-4269
Last Modified:	31 Oct 2022 09:46
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/82373

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