Browse by Current Cardiff authors

Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Olkun, Hatice Kübra, Eslamian, Ladan and Eslamipour, Faezeh 2024. Functional needs in orthognathic patients with different sagittal skeletal discrepancies. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology 138 (2) , pp. 255-260. 10.1016/j.oooo.2024.04.006 Item availability restricted.

Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Mosahebi, Afshin and Zargaran, David 2024. A scoping review of hyaluronidase use in managing the complications of aesthetic interventions. Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 48 (6) , pp. 1193-1209. 10.1007/s00266-022-03207-9

Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Olkun, Hatice Kübra, Eslamian, Ladan and Eslamipour, Faezeh 2024. A retrospective investigation of orthognathic patients and functional needs. Australasian Orthodontic Journal 40 (1) , pp. 111-120. 10.2478/aoj-2024-0013

Borzabadi Farahani, Ali 2024. Laser use in muco-gingival surgical orthodontics. Coluzzi, Donald J. and Parker, Stephen P. A., eds. Lasers in Dentistry—Current Concepts, Textbooks in Contemporary Dentistry ((TECD)), Cham, Switzerland: Springer, pp. 379-398. (10.1007/978-3-031-43338-2_12)

Borzabadi Farahani, Ali 2023. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the index of orthognathic functional treatment need for detecting subjects with great need for orthognathic surgery. The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal 10.1177/10556656231216833

Borzabadi Farahani, Ali 2022. A scoping review of the efficacy of diode lasers used for minimally invasive exposure of impacted teeth or teeth with delayed eruption. Photonics 9 (4) , 265. 10.3390/photonics9040265

Eslamian, Ladan, Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Karimi, Shahedeh, Saadat, Sepideh and Badiee, Mohammad Reza 2020. Evaluation of the shear bond strength and antibacterial activity of orthodontic adhesive containing silver nanoparticle, an in-vitro study. Nanomaterials 10 (8) , 1466. 10.3390/nano10081466

Eslamian, Ladan, Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Badiee, Mohammad Reza and Le, Bach T. 2019. An objective assessment of orthognathic surgery patients. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 30 (8) , pp. 2479-2482. 10.1097/SCS.0000000000005916

Talwar, Manjit, Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Lynch, Edward, Borsboom, Peter and Ruben, Jan 2019. Remineralization of demineralized enamel and dentine using 3 dentifrices—an invitro study. Dentistry Journal 7 (3) , 91. 10.3390/dj7030091

Zadeh, Homayoun H., Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali, Fotovat, Mehdi and Kim, Seong-Hun 2019. Vestibular incision subperiosteal tunnel access (VISTA) for surgically facilitated orthodontic therapy (SFOT). Contemporary Clinical Dentistry 10 (3) , pp. 548-553. 10.4103/ccd.ccd_720_18

Olkun, Hatice Kübra, Borzabadi Farahani, Ali and Uçkan, Sina 2019. Orthognathic surgery treatment need in a Turkish adult population: a retrospective study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16 (11) , 1881. 10.3390/ijerph16111881

Gorseta, Kristina, Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Vrazic, Tara and Glavina, Domagoj 2019. An in-vitro analysis of microleakage of self-adhesive fissure sealant vs. conventional and GIC fissure sealants. Dentistry Journal 7 (2) , 32. 10.3390/dj7020032

Gorseta, Kristina, Gavic, Lidia, Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Tadin, Antonija and Glavina, Domagoj 2018. Influence of toothpaste pH on its capacity to prevent enamel demineralization. Contemporary Clinical Dentistry 9 (4) , pp. 554-559. 10.4103/ccd.ccd_667_18

Borzabadi Farahani, Ali and Cronshaw, Mark 2017. Lasers in orthodontics. Coluzzi, Donald J. and Parker, Steven P.A., eds. Lasers in Dentistry—Current Concepts, Textbooks in Contemporary Dentistry, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, pp. 247-271. (10.1007/978-3-319-51944-9_12)

Gorseta, Kristina, Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Moshaverinia, Alireza, Glavina, Domagoj and Lynch, Edward 2017. Effect of different thermo–light polymerization on flexural strength of two glass ionomer cements and a glass carbomer cement. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 118 (1) , pp. 102-107. 10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.09.019

Mina, Morteza, Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali, Tehranchi, Azita, Nouri, Mahtab and Younessian, Farnaz 2017. Mathematical beta function formulation for maxillary arch form prediction in normal occlusion population. Odontology 105 (2) , pp. 229-236. 10.1007/s10266-016-0244-7

Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali, Eslamipour, Faezeh, Le, BachT and Shahmoradi, Majid 2017. A retrospective analysis of dentofacial deformities and orthognathic surgeries. Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery 7 (1) , pp. 73-77. 10.4103/ams.ams_104_16

Laganà, G., Venza, N., Borzabadi-Farahani, A., Fabi, F., Danesi, C. and Cozza, P. 2017. Dental anomalies: prevalence and associations between them in a large sample of non-orthodontic subjects, a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 17 (1) , 62. 10.1186/s12903-017-0352-y

Eslamipour, Faezeh, Iranmanesh, Pedram and Borzabadi Farahani, Ali 2016. Cross-sectional study of dental trauma and associated factors among 9- to 14-year-old schoolchildren in Isfahan, Iran. Oral Health and Preventive Dentistry 14 (5) , pp. 451-457. 10.3290/j.ohpd.a36522

Bach, Le and Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali 2016. Treatment of labial mucosal recession around maxillary anterior implants with tenting screws, particulate allograft, and xenogenic Membrane: A case report. Journal of Oral Implantology 42 (5) , pp. 427-431. 10.1563/aaid-joi-D-16-00019

Borzabadi Farahani, Ali 2016. Effect of low-level laser irradiation on proliferation of human dental mesenchymal stem cells; a systemic review. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 162 , pp. 577-582. 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.07.022

Moshaverinia, Maryam, Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Sameni, Abdi, Moshaverinia, Alireza and Ansari, Sahar 2016. Effects of incorporation of nano-fluorapatite particles on microhardness, fluoride releasing properties, and biocompatibility of a conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC). Dental Materials Journal 35 (5) , pp. 817-821. 10.4012/dmj.2015-437

Le, Bach, Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali and Nielsen, Brady 2016. Treatment of labial soft tissue recession around dental implants in the esthetic zone using guided bone regeneration with mineralized allograft: a retrospective clinical case series. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 74 (8) , pp. 1552-1561. 10.1016/j.joms.2016.04.015

Matsuda, Hiroyuki, Borzabadi Farahani, Ali and Le, Bach T. 2016. Three-dimensional alveolar bone anatomy of the maxillary first molars. Implant Dentistry 25 (3) , pp. 367-372. 10.1097/ID.0000000000000430

Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali, Eslamipour, Faezeh and Shahmoradi, Majid 2016. Functional needs of subjects with dentofacial deformities: a study using the index of orthognathic functional treatment need (IOFTN). Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery 69 (6) , pp. 796-801. 10.1016/j.bjps.2016.03.008

Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali and Zadeh, Homayoun H. 2016. Orthodontic therapy in implant dentistry: orthodontic implant site development. Tolstunov, Len, ed. Vertical Alveolar Ridge Augmentation in Implant dentistry : A Surgical Manual, John Wiley & Sons, pp. 30-37. (10.1002/9781119082835.ch04)

Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali and Zadeh, Homayoun H. 2016. Orthodontic therapy in implant dentistry: orthodontic implant site development. Tolstunov, Len, ed. Vertical Alveolar Ridge Augmentation in Implant dentistry : A Surgical Manual, Wiley, pp. 30-37. (10.1002/9781119082835.ch04)

Gavic, Lidia, Gorseta, Kristina, Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali, Tadin, Antonija, Glavina, Domagoj, van Duinen, Raymond and Lynch, Edward 2016. Influence of thermo-light curing with dental light-curing units on the microhardness of glass-ionomer cements. International Journal of Periodontics and Restorative Dentistry 36 (3) , pp. 425-430. 10.11607/prd.2405

Eslamian, Ladan, Borzabadi Farahani, Ali and Gholami, Hadi 2016. The effect of benzocaine and ketoprofen gels on pain during fixed orthodontic appliance treatment: a randomised, double-blind, crossover trial. Australasian Orthodontic Journal 32 (1) , pp. 64-72. 10.21307/aoj-2020-114

Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali and Zadeh, Homayoun H. 2015. Adjunctive orthodontic applications in dental implantology. Journal of Oral Implantology 41 (4) , pp. 501-508. 10.1563/AAID-JOI-D-13-00235

Harrington, Claire, Gallagher, James R. and Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali 2015. A retrospective analysis of dentofacial deformities and orthognathic surgeries using the index of orthognathic functional treatment need (IOFTN). International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 79 (7) , pp. 1063-1066. 10.1016/j.ijporl.2015.04.027

Alavi, Shiva, Barooti, Sara and Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali 2015. An in vitro assessment of the mechanical characteristics of nickel-titanium orthodontic wires in Fluoride solutions with different acidities. Journal of Orthodontic Science 4 (2) , pp. 52-56. 10.4103/2278-0203.156030

Eslamian, Ladan, Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali, Tavakol, Pegah, Tavakol, Ali, Amini, Nazila and Lynch, Edward 2015. Effect of multiple debonding sequences on shear bond strength of new stainless steel brackets. Journal of Orthodontic Science 4 (2) , pp. 37-41. 10.4103/2278-0203.156027

Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali 2015. Bilateral agenesis of maxillary permanent canines: Review of the literature. Journal of Orthodontic Science 4 (1) , pp. 26-29. 10.4103/2278-0203.149614

Bugaighis, I., Karanth, D. and Borzabadi Farahani, A. 2015. Tooth size discrepancy in a Libyan population, a cross-sectional study in schoolchildren. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry 7 (1) , e100-e105. 10.4317/jced.51819

Le, Bach T. and Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali 2014. Simultaneous implant placement and bone grafting with particulate mineralized allograft in sites with buccal wall defects, a three-year follow-up and review of literature. Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery 42 (5) , pp. 552-559. 10.1016/j.jcms.2013.07.026

Jugdev, Jasvinder, Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali and Lynch, Edward 2014. The effect of air abrasion of metal implant abutments on the tensile bond strength of three luting agents used to cement implant superstructures: An in vitro study. International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Implants 29 (4) , pp. 784-790.

Le, B.T., Borzabadi-Farahani, A. and Pluemsakunthai, W. 2014. Is buccolingual angulation of maxillary anterior implants associated with the crestal labial soft tissue thickness? International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 43 (7) , pp. 874-878. 10.1016/j.ijom.2014.02.009

Gorseta, K., Glavina, D., Borzabadi Farahani, A., Van Duinen, R.N., Skrinjaric, I., Hill, R.G. and Lynch, E. 2014. One-year clinical evaluation of a glass carbomer fissure sealant, a preliminary study. European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry 22 (2) , pp. 67-71.

McIlvaine, Elizabeth, Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali, Lane, Christianne J., Azen, Stanley P. and Yen, Stephen L.-K. 2014. Apriori feasibility testing of randomized clinical trial design in patients with cleft deformities and class III malocclusion. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 78 (5) , pp. 725-730. 10.1016/j.ijporl.2014.01.006

Murphy, Neal C., Waschak, John, Borzabadi Farahani, Ali and Bergman, Robert T. 2014. Longitudinal study of cephalometric soft tissue profile traits between the ages of 6 and 18 years. Angle Orthodontist 84 (1) , pp. 48-55. 10.2319/041513-291.1

Al-Dwairi, Ziad, Shaweesh, Ashraf, Kamkarfar, Sohrab, Kamkarfar, Shahrzad, Borzabadi Farahani, Ali and Lynch, Edward 2014. Tooth shade measurements under standard and nonstandard illumination and their agreement with skin color. International Journal of Prosthodontics 27 (5) , pp. 458-460.

Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Lane, Christianne J. and Yen, Stephen L.-K. 2014. Late maxillary protraction in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate: A retrospective study. The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal 51 (1) , pp. 1-10. 10.1597/12-099

McKenna, Daniel F., Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali and Lynch, Edward 2013. The effect of subgingival ozone and/or hydrogen peroxide on the development of peri-implant mucositis: A double-blind randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Implants 28 (6) , pp. 1483-1489.

Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali, Borzabadi, Ebrahim and Lynch, Edward 2013. Nanoparticles in orthodontics, a review of antimicrobial and anti-caries applications. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 72 (6) , pp. 413-417. 10.3109/00016357.2013.859728

Le, Bach T., Follmar, Troy and Borzabadi Farahani, Ali 2013. Assessment of short dental implants restored with single-unit nonsplinted restorations. Implant Dentistry 22 (5) , pp. 499-502. 10.1097/ID.0b013e31829afaf2

AL-Dwairi, Ziad N., El Masoud, Bilal Mohammed, AL-Afifi, Sanaa A., Borzabadi Farahani, Ali and Lynch, Edward 2013. Awareness, attitude, and expectations toward dental implants among removable prostheses wearers. Journal of Prosthodontics 23 (3) , pp. 192-197. 10.1111/jopr.12095

Amini, Fariborz, Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Behnam-Roudsari, Gilda, Jafari, Alireza and Shahidinejad, Fatemeh 2013. Assessment of the uvulo-glossopharyngeal dimensions in patients with β-thalassemia major. Sleep and Breathing 17 (3) , pp. 943-949. 10.1007/s11325-012-0782-3

Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Yen, Stephen L.-K., Francis, Cameron, Lara-Sanchez, Pedro A. and Hammoudeh, Jeffrey 2013. A rare case of accessory maxilla and bilateral Tessier no. 7 clefts, a 10-year follow-up. Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery 41 (6) , pp. 527-531. 10.1016/j.jcms.2012.11.019

Eslamian, Ladan, Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Edini, Hosniye zia, Badiee, Mohammad R., Lynch, Edward and Mortazavi, Alireza 2013. The analgesic effect of benzocaine mucoadhesive patches on orthodontic pain caused by elastomeric separators, a preliminary study. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 71 (5) , pp. 1168-1176. 10.3109/00016357.2012.757358

Costa, Melinda A., Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Lara-Sanchez, Pedro A., Schweitzer, Daniela, Jacobson, Lia, Clarke, Noreen, Hammoudeh, Jeffery, Urata, Mark M. and Magee, William P. 2013. Partial craniofacial duplication: A review of the literature and case report. Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery 42 (4) , pp. 290-296. 10.1016/j.jcms.2013.05.016

Chung, Eun Hee, Borzabadi Farahani, Ali and Yen, Stephen L.-K. 2013. Clinicians and laypeople assessment of facial attractiveness in patients with cleft lip and palate treated with LeFort I surgery or late maxillary protraction. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 77 (9) , pp. 1446-1450. 10.1016/j.ijporl.2013.05.042

Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Gross, John, Sanchez-Lara, Pedro A. and Yen, Stephen L.-K. 2013. An unusual accessory mandible and a submucosal cleft palate - a case report and review of the literature. The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal 50 (3) , pp. 369-375. 10.1597/11-032

Eslamian, Ladan, Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali, Hassanzadeh-Azhiri, Aidin, Badiee, Mohammad R. and Fekrazad, Reza 2013. The effect of 810-nm low-level laser therapy on pain caused by orthodontic elastomeric separators. Lasers in Medical Science 29 (2) , pp. 559-564. 10.1007/s10103-012-1258-1

Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali 2012. Orthodontic considerations in restorative management of hypodontia patients with endosseous implants. Journal of Oral Implantology 38 (6) , pp. 779-791. 10.1563/AAID-JOI-D-11-00022

Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali 2012. A review of the oral health-related evidence that supports the orthodontic treatment need indices. Progress in Orthodontics 13 (3) , pp. 314-325. 10.1016/j.pio.2012.03.002

Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali 2012. A review of the evidence supporting the aesthetic orthodontic treatment need indices. Progress in Orthodontics 13 (3) , pp. 304-313. 10.1016/j.pio.2012.03.003

Amini, Fariborz, Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Mashayekhi, Ziba, Pousti, Maryam and Amirtouri, Maryam 2012. Soft-tissue profile characteristics in children with beta thalassaemia major. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 71 (5) , pp. 1071-1076. 10.3109/00016357.2012.741707

Le, Bach T. and Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali 2012. Labial bone thickness in area of anterior maxillary implants associated with crestal labial soft tissue thickness. Implant Dentistry 21 (5) , pp. 406-410. 10.1097/ID.0b013e31826371b5

Eslamian, Ladan, Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Mousavi, Nasim and Ghasemi, Amir 2012. A comparative study of shear bond strength between metal and ceramic brackets and artificially aged composite restorations using different surface treatments. European Journal of Orthodontics 34 (5) , pp. 610-617. 10.1093/ejo/cjr044

Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Groper, John N., Tanner, Aaron M., Urata, Mark M., Panossian, Andre and Yen, Stephen L.-K. 2012. The nance obturator, a new fixed obturator for patients with cleft palate and fistula. Journal of Prosthodontics 21 (5) , pp. 400-403. 10.1111/j.1532-849X.2012.00853.x

Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali, Eslamipour, Faezeh and Asgari, Imaneh 2012. A comparison of two orthodontic aesthetic indices. Australasian Orthodontic Journal 28 (1) , pp. 30-36. 10.2478/aoj-2012-0005

Vahid-Dastjerdi, Elaheh, Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Pourmofidi-Neistanak, Homa and Amini, Nazila 2012. An in-vitro assessment of weekly cumulative fluoride release from three glass ionomer cements used for orthodontic banding. Progress in Orthodontics 13 (1) , pp. 49-56. 10.1016/j.pio.2011.09.002

Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali, Yen, Stephen L.-K., Yamashita, Dennis-Duke and Sanchez-Lara, Pedro A. 2012. Bilateral maxillary duplication: case report and literature review. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology 113 (5) , e29-e32. 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.06.017

Borzabadi Farahani, Ali 2011. An insight into four orthodontic treatment need indices. Progress in Orthodontics 12 (2) , pp. 132-142. 10.1016/j.pio.2011.06.001

Borzabadi Farahani, Ali 2011. An overview of selected orthodontic treatment need indices. Naretto, Silvano, ed. Principles in Contemporary Othodontics, InTechOpen, pp. 215-236. (10.5772/19735)

Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali and Borzabadi-Farahani, Anahid 2011. Agreement between the index of complexity, outcome, and need and the dental and aesthetic components of the index of orthodontic treatment need. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 140 (2) , pp. 233-238. 10.1016/j.ajodo.2010.09.028

Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali and Borzabadi-Farahani, Anahid 2011. The association between orthodontic treatment need and maxillary incisor trauma, a retrospective clinical study. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology and Endodontology 112 (6) , e75-e80. 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.05.024

Eslamian, Ladan, Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Mousavi, Nasin and Ghasemi, Amir 2011. The effects of various surface treatments on the shear bond strengths of stainless steel brackets to artificially-aged composite restorations. Australasian Orthodontic Journal 27 (1) , pp. 28-32. 10.2478/aoj-2011-0006

Vahid-Dastjerdi, Elaheh, Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Mahdian, Mina and Amini, Nazila 2010. Supernumerary teeth amongst Iranian orthodontic patients. A retrospective radiographic and clinical survey. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 69 (2) , pp. 125-128. 10.3109/00016357.2010.539979

Eslamipour, F., Borzabadi Farahani, A. and Asgari, I. 2010. The relationship between aging and oral health inequalities assessed by the DMFT index. European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 11 (4) , pp. 193-199.

Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Borzabadi Farahani, Anahid and Eslamipour, Faezeh 2010. An investigation into the association between facial profile and maxillary incisor trauma, a clinical non-radiographic study. Dental Traumatology 26 (5) , pp. 403-408. 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2010.00920.x

Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Eslamipour, Faezeh and Asgari, Imaneh 2010. Association between orthodontic treatment need and caries experience. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 69 (1) , pp. 2-11. 10.3109/00016357.2010.516732

Amini, Fariborz, Jafari, Alireza, Borzabadi Farahani, Ali and Eslamian, Ladan 2010. Orthopedic effects of splint high-pull headgear - A cephalometric appraisal. Orthodontic Waves 69 (3) , pp. 92-101. 10.1016/j.odw.2010.03.001

Vahid-Dastjerdi, Elaheh, Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali, Mahdian, Mina and Amini, Nazila 2010. Non-syndromic hypodontia in an Iranian orthodontic population. Journal of Oral Science 52 (3) , pp. 455-461. 10.2334/josnusd.52.455

Eslamipour, Faezeh, Borzabadi Farahani, Ali and Asgari, Imaneh 2010. Assessment of orthodontic treatment need in 11- to 20-year-old urban Iranian children using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). World Journal of Orthodontics 11 (4) , e125-e132.

Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Borzabadi Farahani, A. and Eslamipour, F. 2009. Malocclusion and occlusal traits in an urban Iranian population. An epidemiological study of 11- to 14-year-old children. European Journal of Orthodontics 31 (5) , pp. 477-484. 10.1093/ejo/cjp031

Borzabadi Farahani, Ali, Borzabadi-Farahani, Anahid and Eslamipour, F. 2009. Orthodontic treatment needs in an urban Iranian population, an epidemiological study of 11-14 year old children. European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 10 (2) , pp. 69-74.

Amini, Fariborz and Borzabadi-Farahani, Ali 2009. Heritability of dental and skeletal cephalometric variables in monozygous and dizygous Iranian twins. Orthodontic Waves 68 (2) , pp. 72-79. 10.1016/j.odw.2009.01.001

Amini, F., Borzabadi Farahani, A., Jafari, A. and Rabbani, M. 2008. In vivo study of metal content of oral mucosa cells in patients with and without fixed orthodontic appliances. Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research 11 (1) , pp. 51-56. 10.1111/j.1601-6343.2008.00414.x