Diversity within the adenovirus fiber knob hypervariable loops influences primary receptor interactions

Baker, Alexander T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8232-0531, Greenshields-Watson, Alexander, Coughlan, Lynda, Davies, James A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3569-4500, Uusi-Kerttula, Hanni, Cole, David K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0028-9396, Rizkallah, Pierre J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9290-0369 and Parker, Alan L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9302-1761 2019. Diversity within the adenovirus fiber knob hypervariable loops influences primary receptor interactions. Nature Communications 10 , 741. 10.1038/s41467-019-08599-y

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Abstract

Adenovirus based vectors are of increasing importance for wide ranging therapeutic applications. As vaccines, vectors derived from human adenovirus species D serotypes 26 and 48 (HAdV-D26/48) are demonstrating promising efficacy as protective platforms against infectious diseases. Significant clinical progress has been made, yet definitive studies underpinning mechanisms of entry, infection, and receptor usage are currently lacking. Here, we perform structural and biological analysis of the receptor binding fiber-knob protein of HAdV-D26/48, reporting crystal structures, and modelling putative interactions with two previously suggested attachment receptors, CD46 and Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor (CAR). We provide evidence of a low affinity interaction with CAR, with modelling suggesting affinity is attenuated through extended, semi-flexible loop structures, providing steric hindrance. Conversely, in silico and in vitro experiments are unable to provide evidence of interaction between HAdV-D26/48 fiber-knob with CD46, or with Desmoglein 2. Our findings provide insight into the cell-virus interactions of HAdV-D26/48, with important implications for the design and engineering of optimised Ad-based therapeutics.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Additional Information:	This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Publisher:	Nature Research
ISSN:	2041-1723
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	28 February 2019
Date of Acceptance:	21 January 2019
Last Modified:	15 May 2024 01:07
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/120087

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