Immune remodelling of the extracellular matrix drives loss of cancer stem cells and tumor rejection

Pires, Ana, Greenshields Watson, Alexander, Jones, Emma, Smart, Kathryn, Lauder, Sarah N., Somerville, Michelle, Milutinovic, Stefan ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3163-3383, Kendrick, Howard, Hindley, James P., French, Rhiannon, Smalley, Matthew J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9540-1146, Watkins, William John ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3262-6588, Andrews, Robert, Godkin, Andrew ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1910-7567 and Gallimore, Awen ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6675-7004 2020. Immune remodelling of the extracellular matrix drives loss of cancer stem cells and tumor rejection. Cancer Immunology Research 8 (12) , 1520 - 1531. 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-20-0070

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Abstract

The nature of the tumor microenvironment (TME) influences the ability of tumor-specific T cells to control tumor growth. In this study we performed an unbiased comparison of the TME of Treg-replete and Treg-depleted carcinogen-induced tumors, including Treg-depleted responding (regressing) and non-responding (growing) tumors. This analysis revealed an inverse relationship between extracellular matrix (ECM) and T cell infiltrates where responding tumors were T cell rich and ECM poor whereas the converse was observed in non-responder tumors. For this reason, we hypothesised that the ECM acted as a barrier to successful T cell infiltration and tumor rejection. However, further experiments revealed that this was not the case but instead showed that an effective T cell response dramatically altered the density of ECM in the TME. Along with loss of ECM and high numbers of infiltrating T cells, responder tumors were distinguished by the development of lymphatic and blood vessel networks with specialized immune function. ECM-rich tumors exhibited a stem cell-like gene expression profile and superior tumor-initiating capacity, whereas such features were absent in responder tumors. Overall, these findings define an extended role for an effective immune response, not just in direct killing of tumor cells, but in widescale remodelling of the TME to favor loss of ECM, elimination of cancer stem cells, and propagation of adaptive immunity.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Advanced Research Computing @ Cardiff (ARCCA) Biosciences European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute (ECSCRI) Medicine
Publisher:	American Association for Cancer Research
ISSN:	2326-6066
Funders:	Wellcome Trust, Cancer Research UK
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	9 October 2020
Date of Acceptance:	2 October 2020
Last Modified:	04 Nov 2024 02:07
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/135486

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