The penetrance of copy number variations for schizophrenia and developmental delay

Kirov, George ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3427-3950, Rees, Elliott ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6168-9222, Walters, James Tynan Rhys ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6980-4053, Escott-Price, Valentina ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1784-5483, Georgieva, Lyudmila, Richards, Alexander, Chambert, Kimberly D., Davies, Gerwyn, Legge, Sophie E., Moran, Jennifer L., McCarroll, Steven A., O'Donovan, Michael Conlon ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7073-2379 and Owen, Michael John ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4798-0862 2013. The penetrance of copy number variations for schizophrenia and developmental delay. Biological Psychiatry 75 (5) , pp. 378-385. 10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.07.022

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Abstract

Background: Several recurrent copy number variants (CNVs) have been shown to increase the risk of developing schizophrenia (SCZ), developmental delay (DD), autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and various congenital malformations (CM). Their penetrance for SCZ has been estimated to be modest. However, comparisons between their penetrance for SCZ or DD/ASD/CM, or estimates of the total penetrance for any of these disorders have not yet been made. Methods: We use data from the largest available studies on SCZ and DD/ASD/CM, including a new sample of 6882 cases and 6316 controls, to estimate the frequencies of 70 implicated CNVs in carriers with these disorders, healthy control subjects, and the general population. On the basis of these frequencies, we estimate their penetrance. We also estimate the strength of the selection pressure against CNVs and correlate this against their overall penetrance. Results: The rates of nearly all CNVs are higher in DD/ASD/CM compared with SCZ. The penetrance of CNVs is at least several times higher for the development of a disorder from the group of DD/ASD/CM. The overall penetrance of SCZ-associated CNVs for developing any disorder is high, ranging between 10.6% and 100%. Conclusions: CNVs associated with SCZ have high pathogenicity. The majority of the increased risk conferred by CNVs is toward the development of an earlier-onset disorder, such as DD/ASD/CM, rather than SCZ. The penetrance of CNVs correlates strongly with their selection coefficients. The improved estimates of penetrance will provide crucial information for genetic counselling.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Advanced Research Computing @ Cardiff (ARCCA) MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (CNGG) Medicine Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute (NMHRI)
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Autism spectrum disorder; developmental delay; CNV; penetrance; schizophrenia; selection
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	0006-3223
Funders:	Medical Research Council, European Community Seventh Framework Programme
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	30 March 2016
Last Modified:	12 Oct 2023 04:42
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/51095

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