Targeting toll-like receptors with soluble toll-like receptor 2 prevents peritoneal dialysis solution-induced fibrosis

Raby, Anne-Catherine ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5354-5835, González-Mateo, Guadalupe T., Williams, Aled, Topley, Nicholas, Fraser, Donald ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0102-9342, López-Cabrera, Manuel and Labeta, Mario O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5750-6983 2018. Targeting toll-like receptors with soluble toll-like receptor 2 prevents peritoneal dialysis solution-induced fibrosis. Kidney International 94 (2) , pp. 346-362. 10.1016/j.kint.2018.03.014

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Abstract

Peritoneal membrane failure due to fibrosis limits the use of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Peritoneal fibrosis may potentially be induced by sterile inflammation caused by ongoing cellular stress due to prolonged exposure to PD solutions (PDS). Effective therapies to prevent this process remain to be developed. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) mediate sterile inflammation by recognizing damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) released by cellular stress. We evaluated the involvement of TLRs and DAMPs in PDS-induced fibrosis models and the therapeutic potential of TLR-DAMP targeting for preventing fibrosis. A range of PDS elicited pro-inflammatory and fibrotic responses from PD patient peritoneal leukocytes, mesothelial cells and mouse peritoneal leukocytes. TLR2/4 blockade of human peritoneal cells or TLR2/4 knockouts inhibited these effects. PDS did not induce rapid ERK phosphorylation or IκB-α degradation, suggesting that they do not contain components capable of direct TLR activation. However, PDS increased the release of Hsp70 and hyaluronan, both TLR2/4 DAMP ligands, by human and mouse peritoneal cells, and their blockade decreased PDS-driven inflammation. Soluble TLR2, a TLR inhibitor, reduced PDS-induced pro-inflammatory and fibrotic cytokine release ex vivo. Daily catheter infusion of PDS in mice caused peritoneal fibrosis, but co-administration of soluble TLR2 prevented fibrosis, suppressed pro-fibrotic gene expression and pro-inflammatory cytokine production, reduced leukocyte/neutrophil recruitment, recovered Treg cell levels and increased the Treg:Th17 ratio. Thus, TLR2/4, Hsp70 and hyaluronan showed major roles in PDS-induced peritoneal inflammation and fibrosis. The study demonstrates the therapeutic potential of a TLR-DAMP targeting strategy to prevent PDS-induced fibrosis.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	0085-2538
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	4 June 2018
Date of Acceptance:	15 March 2018
Last Modified:	07 Nov 2024 05:45
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/111906

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