Detecting autoreactive B cells in the peripheral blood of people with type 1 diabetes using ELISpot

Powell, W.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4670-1406, Hanna, S.J., Hocter, C.N., Robinson, E., Lewis, M., Dunseath, G., Luzio, S., Howell, A., Dayan, C.M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6557-3462 and Wong, F.S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2812-8845 2019. Detecting autoreactive B cells in the peripheral blood of people with type 1 diabetes using ELISpot. Journal of Immunological Methods 471 , pp. 61-65. 10.1016/j.jim.2019.05.007

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Abstract

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder where T lymphocytes damage the islet beta cells but B lymphocytes also play an important role. Although changes in peripheral B cell phenotype have been observed, little is known about the B cells that secrete the autoantibodies. We developed a sensitive B cell enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISpot assay) to detect individual B cell antibody responses to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and islet antigen-2 (IA-2). We found that even healthy donors have B cells that secrete antibodies in response to GAD and IA-2 in the ELISpot. There was increased B cell reactivity to autoantigens in the peripheral blood of individuals with newly-diagnosed, but not long-standing, type 1 diabetes. However, no correlation with serum autoantibody levels was found, indicating that additional factors such as antigen affinity or exposure to antigens in vivo are required for antibody secretion, and that even healthy donors have potentially autoreactive B cells.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	0022-1759
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	17 June 2019
Date of Acceptance:	28 May 2019
Last Modified:	15 Nov 2024 15:15
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/123495

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