Phosphatidylthreonine is a procoagulant lipid detected in human blood and elevated in coronary artery disease.

Hajeyah, Ali A., Protty, Majd B., Paul, Divyani, Costa, Daniela ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8821-5898, Omidvar, Nader, Morgan, Bethan, Iwasaki, Yugo, McGill, Beth, Jenkins, P. Vincent, Yousef, Zaheer, Allen-Redpath, Keith, Soyama, Shin, Choudhury, Anirban, Mitra, Rito, Yaqoob, Parveen, Morrissey, James H., Collins, Peter W. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6410-1324 and O'Donnell, Valerie B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4089-8460 2024. Phosphatidylthreonine is a procoagulant lipid detected in human blood and elevated in coronary artery disease. Journal of Lipid Research 65 (1) , 100484. 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100484

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Abstract

Aminophospholipids (aPL) such as phosphatidylserine are essential for supporting the activity of coagulation factors, circulating platelets, and blood cells. Phosphatidylthreonine (PT) is an aminophospholipid previously reported in eukaryotic parasites and animal cell cultures, but not yet in human tissues. Here, we evaluated whether PT is present in blood cells and characterized its ability to support coagulation. Several PT molecular species were detected in human blood, washed platelets, extracellular vesicles, and isolated leukocytes from healthy volunteers using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. The ability of PT to support coagulation was demonstrated in vitro using biochemical and biophysical assays. In liposomes, PT supported prothrombinase activity in the presence and absence of phosphatidylserine. PT nanodiscs strongly bound FVa and lactadherin (nM affinity) but poorly bound prothrombin and FX, suggesting that PT supports prothrombinase through recruitment of FVa. PT liposomes bearing tissue factor poorly generated thrombin in platelet poor plasma, indicating that PT poorly supports extrinsic tenase activity. On platelet activation, PT is externalized and partially metabolized. Last, PT was significantly higher in platelets and extracellular vesicle from patients with coronary artery disease than in healthy controls. In summary, PT is present in human blood, binds FVa and lactadherin, supports coagulation in vitro through FVa binding, and is elevated in atherosclerotic vascular disease. Our studies reveal a new phospholipid subclass, that contributes to the procoagulant membrane, and may support thrombosis in patients at elevated risk.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	0022-2275
Funders:	Wellcome Trust, BHF
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	15 January 2024
Last Modified:	10 Apr 2024 15:57
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/165179

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