Age differentially impacts adaptive immune responses induced by adenoviral versus mRNA vaccines against COVID-19

Dallan, Beatrice, Proietto, Davide, De Laurentis, Martina, Gallerani, Eleonora, Martino, Mara, Ghisellini, Sara, Zurlo, Amedeo, Volpato, Stefano, Govoni, Benedetta, Borghesi, Michela, Albanese, Valentina, Appay, Victor, Bonnini, Stefano, Llewellyn-Lacey, Sian, Pacifico, Salvatore, Grumiro, Laura, Brandolini, Martina, Semprini, Simona, Sambri, Vittorio, Ladell, Kristin ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9856-2938, Parry, Helen M., Moss, Paul A. H., Price, David A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9416-2737, Barbieri, Elena, Bernardi, Tatiana, Boni, Michela, Dall?Olio, Linda, De Laurentis, Martina, Fiorini, Caterina, Fiorini, Michele, Govoni, Maurizio, Neri, Margherita, Palma, Fabio, Romagnoni, Franco, Caputo, Antonella, Gavioli, Riccardo and Nicoli, Francesco 2024. Age differentially impacts adaptive immune responses induced by adenoviral versus mRNA vaccines against COVID-19. Nature Aging 4 (8) , 1121–1136. 10.1038/s43587-024-00644-w Item availability restricted.

PDF - Accepted Post-Print Version Restricted to Repository staff only until 25 December 2024 due to copyright restrictions. Download (3MB)

Abstract

Adenoviral and mRNA vaccines encoding the viral spike (S) protein have been deployed globally to contain severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Older individuals are particularly vulnerable to severe infection, probably reflecting age-related changes in the immune system, which can also compromise vaccine efficacy. It is nonetheless unclear to what extent different vaccine platforms are impacted by immunosenescence. Here, we evaluated S protein-specific immune responses elicited by vaccination with two doses of BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1-S and subsequently boosted with a single dose of BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273, comparing age-stratified participants with no evidence of previous infection with SARS-CoV-2. We found that aging profoundly compromised S protein-specific IgG titers and further limited S protein-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell immunity as a probable function of progressive erosion of the naive lymphocyte pool in individuals vaccinated initially with BNT162b2. Our results demonstrate that primary vaccination with ChAdOx1-S and subsequent boosting with BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 promotes sustained immunological memory in older adults and potentially confers optimal protection against coronavirus disease 2019.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Publisher:	Nature Research
ISSN:	2662-8465
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	30 October 2024
Date of Acceptance:	2 May 2024
Last Modified:	05 Nov 2024 18:00
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/173515

Actions (repository staff only)

Edit Item