Differential regulation of neutrophil-activating chemokines by IL-6 and its soluble receptor isoforms

McLoughlin, Rachel Mary, Hurst, Suzanne Maria, Nowell, Mari Ann, Harris, Dean Anthony, Horiuchi, Sankichi, Morgan, Llinos Wyn, Yamamoto, Naoki, Wilkinson, Thomas S., Topley, Nicholas and Jones, Simon Arnett ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7297-9711 2004. Differential regulation of neutrophil-activating chemokines by IL-6 and its soluble receptor isoforms. The Journal of Immunology 172 , pp. 5676-83.

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Abstract

Interleukin-6 signaling via its soluble receptor (sIL-6R) differentially regulates inflammatory chemokine expression and leukocyte apoptosis to coordinate transition from neutrophil to mononuclear cell infiltration. sIL-6R activities may, however, be influenced in vivo by the occurrence of two sIL-6R isoforms that are released as a consequence of differential mRNA splicing (DS) or proteolytic cleavage (PC) of the cognate IL-6R (termed DS- and PC-sIL-6R). Using human peritoneal mesothelial cells and a murine model of peritoneal inflammation, studies described in this work have compared the ability of both isoforms to regulate neutrophil recruitment. In this respect, DS- and PC-sIL-6R were comparable in their activities; however, these studies emphasized that IL-6 trans signaling differentially controls neutrophil-activating CXC chemokine expression. In vitro, stimulation of mesothelial cells with IL-6 in combination with either DS-sIL-6R or PC-sIL-6R showed no induction of CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL)1 (GRO alpha) and CXCL8 (IL-8), whereas both isoforms enhanced CXCL5 (ENA-78) and CXCL6 (granulocyte chemotactic protein-2) expression. Moreover, when complexed with IL-6, both isoforms specifically inhibited the IL-1 beta-induced secretion of CXCL8. These findings were paralleled in vivo, in which induction of peritoneal inflammation in IL-6-deficient (IL-6(-/-)) mice resulted in enhanced keratinocyte-derived chemokine and macrophage-inflammatory protein-2 (the murine equivalent of CXCL1 and CXCL8) levels, but reduced LPS-induced CXC chemokine (the murine equivalent of CXCL5) expression. Reconstitution of IL-6 signaling in IL-6(-/-) mice with IL-6 and its soluble receptor isoforms corrected this chemokine imbalance and suppressed overall neutrophil infiltration. These data confirm that sIL-6R-mediated signaling primarily limits neutrophil influx; however, induction of CXCL5 and CXCL6 may regulate other neutrophil responses.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine Systems Immunity Research Institute (SIURI)
Publisher:	American Association of Immunologists
ISSN:	0022-1767
Last Modified:	06 Nov 2024 22:34
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/274

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